Blood Clotting Disorders

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Perpura (ITP)

                Presentation : Follows a recent infection which leads to bleeding from mucosal sites
                Pathogenesis : Immune mediated platelet destruction
                Lab finding : Increase bleeding time

                Cells : N/A
              

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

                Presentation : Anemia , Thrombocytopenia , Renal Dysfunction
                Pathogenesis : Deficiency of ADAMTS-13 ( ADAMTS-13 inhibits vWF ). Thus there is                                              more vWF

                Lab finding : Increase bleeding time ; Decrease platelets (Thrombocytopenia : as name                                                suggests)  
                Cells : Schistiocytes
                

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

                 Presentation : Usually begins with bloody diarrhea/simply diarrhea (E-coli strain O157h7)                                          ; followed by the Kidney failure (thus the increase in creatinine)
                Pathogenesis : Toxin mediated hemolysis
                Lab findings:  Increase bleeding time; Thrombocytopenia; Increase creatinine
                Cells : Schistiocytes
                

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

                Presentation :  Bleeding; Sepsis
                Pathogenesis : Widespread clotting
                Lab findings : Increase bleeding time; Thrombocytopenia; Increase D-dimer (Most                                                         important clue as it is increased only in DIC)
                Cells : Schistiocytes